Beneath the hills of Appalachia lies the nation's largest natural gas-producing basin, yet many of the pipelines needed to move this vital resource are operating near capacity.

Meanwhile, demand for electricity is growing faster than it has in years. Data centers accounted for 50 percent of that demand growth in 2025, according to the International Energy Agency.

In the famous "Data Center Alley" of northern Virginia, energy giant Williams Companies is expanding its Transco natural gas pipeline system, while developers are proposing to build gas-fired power plants adjacent to data centers to bypass traditional grid interconnections, according to Global Energy Monitor.

Enlarging the support network for ramped-up natural gas production involves far more than installing and replacing pipes. Systems require stations that maintain the pressure to move gas over hundreds of miles, through processing plants, storage facilities, and metering stations. They also require connections to power plants, factories, export terminals, and local distribution networks.

Industry experts say this infrastructure network must continue modernizing to improve reliability and reduce supply bottlenecks.

"We need to build an awful lot more [natural gas] infrastructure, potentially 25 percent more than we currently have," Henry Froats, owner of Hydrotech Testing Services, told The Epoch Times.

"Areas with aging infrastructure will be replaced and upgraded, but the real need is expanding total capacity to handle electricity generation demand and data center growth over the next 25 years."

Ian McPhillips, director of energy engineering and principal at BL Companies, explained it's not just the total annual consumption that's increasing. The fact that the majority of that increase is driven by power generation makes it tricky.

"Generation facilities are being built around the entire country to keep up with electric demand, and if those plants are using gas that would otherwise be heading to the population centers in the Northeast, significant changes will be needed to provide gas to generators during periods of cold weather when firm gas supplies are committed to the space heating markets," he told The Epoch Times.

Natural gas accounts for 39 percent of American electricity production, according to the Energy Information Administration (EIA).